Pragmatics is a major study of linguistics that defines the hidden meanings of a writer and speaker towards the conjoining effort of linguistic form. It is stated along with its user. Within pragmatics the importance is usually given to a contextual meaning, where every other meaning of given context is referred to speaker as well as writer that wishes to state something. Therefore, the field of Pragmatics helps to deal with speaker’s intended meaning. It is the scope of pragmatics that shows some of linguistic relating terms. They are often stated as utterances, which are informative contribution through physical or real utterance of the meaning, uses of word, structure and setting of the conversations. The second is a speech act that focuses on what the writer and the speaker wants to say to someone. So in this way, the major purpose of pragmatics is engaged with addressor’s intended words to communicate with the addressee.

The present paper will try to analyze some crucial features that can highlight the differences between English for legal purposes (ELP) and General English (GE). It focuses on use of (ELP) as a medium of instruction within practical field of Law. The study will deal with a fact that lawyers are the most eloquent users of English language. Where, on the other hand, they are its notorious abusers. It is because they employ arcane vocabulary within their discourses. The most controversial features that underlie within this field were to be analyzed from different perspectives: (1) its practicability to legal language’s nature (2) semantic interpretations of legal interpretations and (3) perceptual differences over statues of applied and real cases. A language policy program was conducted for this purpose in SM (Sind Muslim) Law College, (Hyderabad) Sind, Pakistan. Its goal was to analyze the particular needs of the legal learners towards their use of English language. After having the discussions with stakeholders, learners, experienced interlocutors and advocates themselves, the researcher, then analyzed some of the case methods (legal books). It was considered a necessary concern to have particular model that should design a conclusive course of integrating the language learning with legal content. This study falls with three major categories in the end for future scholars. (1) Study of Specific English language within legal field. (2) Study of spoken English language within legal settings and (3) Study of written English language of law. However, the main attempt is to explore the third category, focusing on controversial features within written form of legal English language. This study will also help future ESP course designers to visualize the underlying facts that are important in present era. It will not only improve the learning purposes but to strategies for teaching methods. Therefore, it is important to analyze the controversial facts of ELP course.

The paper presented an in-depth view of current practices of English language teaching at the Department of Political Science of the University of Karachi (Pakistan). It specifically narrowed its vision down to teach specific English course to the students of political science at the said university. Three tools were employed to collect the data for this study to determine the appropriateness of the English curriculum that could have met with the needs of students. The study also analyzed the teaching strategies that were adopted to teach English to the students of political science. This step followed to overcome students’ learning problems. The results led to suggest the designing of specific English curriculum for the students of political science that (curriculum) could bring clarity in teaching practices and methodologies adopted to teach English in connection with the particular norms of ESP practice and student need analysis.

This study tries to present a local variety of English that is used in Pakistan and is known as Pakistani English or ‘Pinglish’. It is recognized an official language in Pakistan. The paper briefly highlights its history; sources of its emergence, its various altered forms, underlying socio-cultural and religious effects that have an influence. It is to analyze the indigenized peculiarities by observing different phonetic components, sentence structure, morphology, lexis and phonology. Previous contributions on the advancement of this variety have acknowledged its legitimacy to a great extent. The study presents an influence of first language onto the pronunciation of the second language. In short, it examines that Urdu nouns and other group of vocabulary items within Pakistani variety of English are utilized intentionally and with determination, where its speakers have their own Urdu words present as substitutes.

The present study seeks to find impacts of digital humanities on academic performances of students and teachers. The students and teachers, selected as participants of this study represent the second language learners of Institute of English Language and Literature (IELL), University of Sindh, Jamshoro. The study tries to investigate about the significance of digital humanities for second language learners in field of an academic research. The study explores an idea for the future research designs about new technical methods that can be introduced into field of academic research. Therefore, the objectives designed to find the impacts of digital humanities on second language learners are the investigation of role played by digital humanities in classroom and perceptions of students for it. The study follows qualitative method with content analysis of students and teachers’ perceptions for digital humanities in classroom learning. The findings of this study have shown that there is a need to digitalize classroom learning. The teachers and students wanted to learn and teach with novice teaching methods with introduction of technological gadgets. According to them, this can facilitate learning environment more compared to traditional learning.

The aim of this project is to examine the commercials of beauty creams in Pakistan. In order to find the ideology of the beauty advertisements in Pakistan, three renowned beauty commercials were taken for analysis of their discourse. The three beauty creams that are made a part of the critical discourse are Golden Pearl Beauty Cream, Fresh White Beauty Cream and Faiza Beauty Cream. The analysis of discourse was done critically with adoption of Fairclough’s model (1989). The model is well acknowledged in the field of CDA to have an analysis of the employment of specific features in discourse for manipulation of particular ideology within certain class of individuals. It is perceived through beauty cream advertisements to buy the beauty products. The data was collected from the YouTube commercials. The research paradigm was qualitative to highlight the marketing based lingual elements that have been cleverly devised in beauty commercials. The results have revealed that the Pakistani beauty commercials are made to attract the minds of Pakistani women. The findings will help to develop a proper understanding in Pakistani consumers with facilitation in their decision power to buy the products without exploitation of media commercials.

This research assessed the Language use of Political Leaders of Pakistan during COVID-19 against the corona virus spread. It further investigated the effect of political leaders' language on common people. Politicians issued numerous political statements regarding the prevention of the CORONA virus spread and these statements got good space in leading National and International English language newspapers. The people of Pakistan wanted to listen to the voice of public representatives on this important issue that badly hit their lives. A qualitative phenomenological research design was used. Data were analyzed through observation. Data collection source was 'The DAWN, The Diplomat, Al-Jazeera and The Tribune newspapers. Results were compiled, generating themes. Six themes developed from narratives regarding the prevention of the COVID virus disease. Results suggest that political leaders of Pakistan should follow the 'one vision & one voice' slogan to fight the CORONA virus.

The study is designed to find English lingual needs in undergraduate students of zoology department in one of the Public Sector University, Jamshoro, Pakistan. The questionnaire was used as a data collection tool to know about the English language opinions of zoology students that belonged to diverse lingual backgrounds at the undergraduate level in quantitative form. The questionnaire tends to elicit different lingual needs from students of varied lingual backgrounds. This study discloses some of the interesting facts about interests in students to give preference to skills of speaking, their interests in British English, to find their perceived need of English usage in abroad, eagerness for learning English and their current competency in English. The interview protocol was used to find the interest and motivation of zoology students in detailed form. However, one finds predictable regulations. Though, all respondents were students of zoology department, they had immediate lingual wants of English that are educational in nature and contextual, where English is used frequently. The significance of study lies to a fact that it does provide path for ESP teachers and practitioners in helping them to design specific courses with particular materials for undergraduate students of zoology department.

They study intends to know the perceptions of engineering students to use technology in learning English at Mehran university of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro. The study tries to know the responses of students with the impact to learn English through technology. According to the majority of the responses from students, the integration of technology can affect the educational and the occupational lives of engineering students. The scheme of this study follows cross-sectional design and adopted the quantitative approach. The research had data from 150 students that represented five departments of engineering field at Mehran University, Jamshoro. The six technological domains in use of students tend to answer to learn for English. It was concluded after the analysis of responses from SPSS version 23 that the effective learning and the teaching of English with integration of technology can be possible at Mehran University of Engineering and Technology (MUET), Jamshoro, Sindh.

The study aimed to highlight the impact of technological integration on engineering students to teach English in one of the public sector engineering university in Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. The study adopted the qualitative design and data was collected through an interview. Further, the collected data was analyzed through the content analysis. It was to find the effectiveness technology usage in learning and teaching of English language amongst the engineers at undergraduate level in Sindh. The study also intends to demonstrate that how the English language can be enhanced effectively through use of technology by the engineers in their future. The study stated through the results that English language is considered the global language, where students of engineering context need to have the competency. The learning of English enhances the efficiency of the engineers and technological integration makes them to learn English more efficiently through the use of technological gadgets. They improve capacity of visualization in students and teachers. Therefore, the digital tools proved to increase the learning more efficiently.

The paper reviews the historical backdrop of English language with specific identification of its various roles in academic domain. The study is aimed at highlighting spread of English language that is encountered in history since eighteenth century and is still in pace of advancement within the Asia-Pacific region. The data have been collected from different textbooks, research studies and the video documentaries on YouTube channel. Second part of this study makes sense of the turn of events and qualities of English language academic strategies in Asian Pacific nations. The paper highlights those nations that have their place in the growing circle of Kachru's (1985) model, and in the extending circle. Additionally, paper attempts to review the formative qualities of academic techniques adopted for English language within the Asian-pacific nations. Further, paper highlights qualities of English that raises its standard as global language. It tends to underlie particular role for English that is devised between social correspondences all around the planet. The crucial role of educational practices in English is to train the youth to utilise their subtle capabilities in English and readily respond in the international forums with their own proficient capacities.

The study is designed to analyze the communicative and academic needs in English for the students at Jamia Tul Madina (Faizan e Madina) madrassah at master’s level in Karachi. The theme of study is aimed to project the needs of students to learn English for the specific purposes (ESP) in light of Islamic seminary institute. The mixed method approach is followed that practice both quantitative and the qualitative methods. Two separate research instruments have been used in the study. The interview protocol is used to find the qualitative responses of English teachers and the close-ended questionnaires have been used to collect responses of the students in descriptive form. The results have shown that the students of Jamia tul Madina, an Islamic seminary institute have the particular objectives to learn English. These objectives are separate from the objectives of learning English in public and private academic institutes in Pakistan. The use of English in learning of subjects includes Hadith, Quranic Tafseer (Interpretation), Fiqh, History, translation, Business and Management. In addition to it, the responses of the participants have presented a fact that English is used for the research purposes at the international level; it helps in the write up of thesis projects and for the communication with the foreign Islamic research scholars at the research platform. Therefore, the study concluded that the use of English is significant for the students in Madrassah to comply their specific needs in academic and communicative domains for their successful future.

The course of English for legal purposes has greatly received acceptance in Pakistan. The courses of ELP are not concerned to teach particular terms and phrases to translate texts with the teaching technique of the Grammar Translation method (GTM). Pakistan has been active in participating in International Relations. Therefore, it is significant to expect the attached course of ESP that could facilitate learners in preparation for their career in international outlook. Under this principle, the current theme of the paper is envisioned to give the layout of ELP courses that could tailor to the needs of law undergraduate students in Sindh Law College, Hyderabad. This course is proposed to design its foundation on content-based instruction. The issues are perceived through various angles in different ELP settings. The proposed plan for ELP courses is expected beneficial for teachers and students that are involved in the development of ELP courses in various renowned Universities in Pakistan.

This paper is an attempt to analyze the commercials of juice brands on television of Pakistani Media. The commercials that are taken to be analyzed are the two renowned brands of Juice products in Pakistan. The names of these renowned brands are “Nestle Fruita Vitals” and “Pakola Flavored Milk”. The aim of this paper is to analyze the linguistic devices that have been used to promote the specific ideology behind commercializing the two brands of juice products in Pakistan. The specific motto has been highlighted behind each of the commercial advertisements. The article tends to present the catchy phrases and the particular words that have been used in these two advertisements of juice products that inculcate certain ideologies for their listeners to buy their brand. The procedure of analysis was processed with the help of Fairclough’s model of the “Three-Dimension Framework” (1989). The analysis has presented the philosophical frame behind these two commercial brands. The critical analysis of discourse helped to know about the different strategies that have been adopted by the advertisement makers to sell the juice products of two separate commercial brands in Pakistan. They are briefly explained and interpreted in the light of the CDA model. The analysis of data has revealed a fact that the commercial designers of the two juice brands tried to use specific rhetorical devices to attract the mindset of people to buy products. The advertisers try to convince the general public that their juice brand as that they wanted should be introduced in the market. It is better in comparison to all the other juice brands in Pakistan. Therefore, the present study has tried to reveal this fact with a comparison of advertisement content in two different juice brands in Pakistan

The Wash-back has a significant area of English Language Assessment Research (ELAR), which has succeeded in inviting considerable heed of the researchers over the years. Some substantial experimental studies relating to washback in English language testing have been conducted globally. This study aims to review and evaluate the eight most recent experimental or empirical research projects carried out on washback in English linguistic education (ELE), which have been downloaded and collected through internet surfing. Based on the review of eight research articles, this current study has been conducted to determine the theoretical foundations of impacts of tests, examinations, assessments, and evaluation in English language education as well as testing besides demonstrating the research findings. Results showed that the washback of high-risk investigations or tests had positive, negative, and mixed impacts and effects depending on the backgrounds and language of students’ extents. The positive washback affects the instructors, teaching practices, materials, methodologies, contents, and language beginner approaches, while the inverse or negative washback happens after the attention is diverted from the erudition process of English to test conducting approaches. After reviewing eight research projects, the findings stated that washback plays a crucial role in English language testing. In some cases, it is positive; in others, it has shown a negative stance. Therefore, it is difficult to state that all English tests positively impact test takers.

The following study tends to analyze the noncommunicative features in the title texts of two renowned Pakistani drama serials with the help of a multi-modal framework. In applied linguistics, the non-communicative analysis of semiotic signs through images has been introduced by Kress and Leeuwen (1996). The study attempts to analyze the representative symbols of two Pakistani drama serials through multi-modality. It shows the visual communication of title pages through various non-rhetoric techniques. The selected title pages demonstrate the submissive roles of women in Pakistani society depicted through nonverbal communicative techniques by scholars. Both of the renowned Pakistani dramas were picturized in the year 2019. The study is qualitative and interpreted. The title pages of these dramas have been taken from Google images. The actual thematic philosophy behind each Pakistani drama is examined with its title text that shows various modes of vision, the overall frame of the characters, and different modes of actions for characters on the title page, and it is perceived through specific subtle philosophic art. The results from the findings have shown that the title texts on the cover page of the drama serials tend to demonstrate the submissive role of women in Pakistani society through the nonverbal communicative techniques and the subtle perceptive male dominancy shown in each of the drama serials. They try to sketch current women's status in male-dominated Pakistani society. This study can help future researchers to give their contributions differently following this topic through semiotic analysis of Pakistan's film industry.

The study tends to focus and analyze the critical use of metaphors in political speeches of Pakistani famous figures. The aim of study is centralized to comprehend the tactics employed by the Pakistani figures to use metaphors in context of Pakistan. It is based on religious, societal and lingual background differences in Pakistan. The study follows qualitative approach and analyzes the content of speeches delivered by Parliamentary member of Pakistan, Bilawal Bhutto Zardari and Imran Khan, the then, Prime Minister of Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The metaphors have been used and analyzed in reference to highlight religious, societal, and lingual background differences in Pakistan. The conceptual framework employs metaphor identifier process (MIP). The study has found as a result that peculiar use of metaphors by the political figures are based on the foreground theories to put a clear Image of their vision and could mold the opinions of public to favor of them. The study showed that political figures use religious, lingual, and societal concepts for foregrounding. The study itself can assist lay man and the researchers to comprehend the techniques employed by the political figures of Pakistan in order to create general opinion of public.

This paper critically analyzes the vision of William Blake to compose his poem ‘The Sick Rose’ in 1794. Fairclough’s CDA (1989) model examined the language used in this poem, which claimed to debate the discourse of numerous literary texts. Theories represent the spectrum of diverse interpretations based on socio-cultural and power domains prevailing in present-day society. Theories helped construct a framework in light of text in the context of the fantasy world. The imagery world in the text is open to various interpretations. Still, this study focused on selecting and assessing a few important elements of the text that tend to reveal the fictional domain of the world in the context of theories based on the three-dimensional analysis method. Analysis of the poem ‘The Sick Rose’ (1794) based on Fairclough’s CDA three-dimensional model (1993) analysis revealed a new concept that prevailed in the writings of poet William Blake. The critical vision shows that poet William Blake used symbols to represent text within the context. The use of symbolism by the poet was an artistic attribute to highlight the implicit heinous crime of sexuality. He mastered crafting disadvantages that can be received with the corrupt attitude of men in society.

As a result of offering Modernism and Postmodernism for various viewpoints on social life, different lifestyles and ways of thoughts have been developed. Modernism, which evolved because of Enlightenment after the end of the seventeenth century, has taken root in many aspects of society. Modernism taken to its next stage is what is known as postmodernism. Every aspect of life has benefited from both thought patterns, which has had an impact on the learning patterns in education. The key components of postmodern education and current culture have been blended and are being incorporated into educational initiatives. This article examines the connection that exists between postmodernist thought and modernism from past times to the current, and their influence on English language teaching (ELT) practices. The present research, which relies on a survey design, used the documentary survey technique. As a result, the idea of incorporating postmodernism into all parts of our life, including education, intends to awaken us. Without even realizing it, it is soaked with the change in society values, and one has even ceased to show concern about it.

The paper attempts to investigate the flaws in English communication between the ATC officers and pilots on air-traffic telephony. The main concern of paper is to present different kinds of dangerous situations that have been faced by the nonnative speakers of English in aviation industry of Pakistan because of their less proficiency in English. It has been perceived that the less proficiency in English of non-native speakers lead to heinous situations in flights. The International Organization of Aviation (ICAO) in collaboration with International Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) has worked on different policies to define communicative flaws between the pilots and the air-traffic controlling staff. According to the ICAO, the non-native English speakers need to develop English skills that are required for the International flights. The study affirms with an argumentation on a need to upgrade English skills in nonnative speakers with proper comprehension of English at flights. The study has been supported with references from the data collected. This study employs two tools to collect the data. 1).Episodes of the communication in telephony are collected from a documentary of communication in aviation from YouTube that demonstrates communication of native and the non-native speakers of English from two different air traffic controlling stations. The communication is exemplified in three situations, a) out of the routine b) Unusual and in c) the Emergencies. The current study focuses on the Emergency situations. 2).The group of individuals in CATI institute of Hyderabad was elicited to give their perceptions on the given episodes shown to them about the difficulty to use English. The findings have recommended that there are problems in communication of English between the native and non-native speakers of English. It was mainly due to the lack of common assumptions between them and lack of proper communicative practices. The implications were presented for the trainings

Renowned Muslim philosopher Al-Farabi (870–950 AD) was well-versed in astrology, physics, and the cognitive organization of logic. He is regarded as the second-greatest philosopher after Aristotle, who promoted philosophy education as a means of enhancing one's life. Farabi's political theories have influenced Western thought as well as the Islamic world significantly. According to him, the state exists to protect the well and happiness of its citizens. Additionally, he thought that the state had an obligation to foster an atmosphere that allowed people to reach their greatest potential. According to Farabi, a virtuous state where people live by reason and knowledge and where justice and peace are prevalent among the populace is the ideal state. He thought that a wise ruler who prioritizes the well-being of his people should be in charge of a rich state. The political theories of Farabi, which are based on Islamic principles, are still highly relevant today. He is the earliest Muslim philosopher to outline his theories on state government in a methodical manner. Farabi argues that the Madinah state is the finest instance of an ideal state since it upholds the values outlined in the Madinah al-Fadilah law in addition to providing for fundamental requirements.

In recent years, English as a language has gained popularity throughout Pakistan. Students prioritized English prioritized their native language, Urdu or Sindhi, to study and communicate effectively. Exploring the impact of The English language hegemony on students' psychology, the study investigates the perceptions of students upon the doctrine of The English colonization as a danger towards Urdu or any of their native languages as language for national designation. The present study is primarily quantitative by nature. The study comprises 100 participants from both graduate and undergraduate courses from three public sector universities of Sindh; University of Sindh Jamshoro, GC University Hyderabad, and the Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University (SBBU), Nawabshah. A self-administered questionnaire was employed to collect the data from participants. The study also examined how English-speaking imperialism affects students' psychology. The study found that several psychological elements had a considerable impact on the well-being of students. Most of them are seen as a symbol of success throughout their educational and professional initiatives.

Business English is an example of English for Specific Purposes and many persons who speak or write in English do so substantially in international trade. Business English is becoming increasingly important as organizations need multilingual employees in today's linked society. The ability to communicate with coworkers in a professional situation, whether through written communication, in-person meetings, or other means, is one of the goals of the business English course. As an outcome, a Business English Language might cover subjects like business English reading, correspondence, resumes, and the business jargon or terms of advertising, marketing and sales. The following paper is qualitative. It intends to analyze business students' perceptions of learning business communication at the undergraduate level in one of the public sector universities of Sindh, Pakistan. For this purpose, the one-to-one interviews were conducted with one of the batches of the business administration department (BBA) at SBBU Sanghar Campus, who is currently taking the business communication course. Five students were taken as participants from one of the batches, who is being taught business communication at present. The crucial components required for the analysis are syllabus and course design, and the choice with development of materials that are shared by all ESP domains of work concerning to concept of Business-English. A teacher must be knowledgeable about the topic area to effectively teach Business English. The ESP blends subject matter expertise with English language teaching abilities. At this point, a teacher's job is to successfully adapt their teaching methods to the needs of students learning business English.

This study investigates the intricate interplay involving pragmatic along with semantics elements in understanding scalar implications. Participants' assessments and suggestions during crucial trials exhibit complicated understanding influenced by its semantic significance and functional fit. Heterogeneous evaluations in crucial trials reveal instances in which logically correct arguments are found to be practically erroneous, indicating potential inconsistencies. Participants emphasised the significance of meeting both semantic correctness and situational criteria while making language modifications. The findings improve our knowledge of scalar-implicatures through emphasising the importance for pragmatic elements alongside semantic features.

The idea of colonial discourse was founded on the oppositive scenario of we against other where the other was put as the fixed and generalized picture of the other being the colonized. The methodology of postcolonialism was a manifestation of a fresh appearance that set out to demonstrate how culture was politically significant in the construction and representation of the aforementioned imperialist ideology and acted against the sustainability of the same. Through this, culture literature has not only been considered as aesthetic art, but also one of the most effective means of expressing socio-political ideology. Nevertheless, multiculturalism proposes more liberal strategy, without mutual reproach, and is supported by the awareness of cultural diversity. Only in this way, violence because of the indignation of the differences in culture can be stopped due to the political ambitions. Pakistani English Literature presents an example of a multicultural environment that not only hints at the potential of coexisting and living together despite our diversity but also acquiring hybrid identity, which provides us with a distinct opportunity to live beyond boundaries and shaping our personality that can reflect multiplicity in our cultural background.